The usual change of seasons for us is not everywhere. In other geographical zones, the pattern of alternating weather cycles is greatly simplified.

For example, in the equatorial climate zone, the weather is the same all year - the average daily temperatures are 24 ° C, and the amount of precipitation depends on the location of a particular section of the earth's surface relative to the ocean, topography and prevailing winds.

In the tropical climate zone there are 2 seasons - dry and hot, and then dry and very hot season. In Antarctica - the same thing, only in a different tone. Cold and dry and very, very cold and dry seasons. In this way -Seasons are available only to residents of the temperate climatic zone in both hemispheres, as well as in the adjacent sub-belts - subtropical, subarctic and subantarctic, but in a more lubricated and leveled version.

Why is there a change of seasons?

The main reason for the changing seasons is the rotation of the earth around the sun. Another key reason that manifests itself as much as possible in temperate latitudes is the characteristic inclination of the earth's axis. In relation to the plane of the ecliptic, it is at an angle of 66.56 °.

Therefore, it is at this latitude that we see the most complete, full-blooded and bright change of the seasons, days of the solstice, equinox, polar day-night.

Due to the inclination of the earth's axis, the sun rises above the earth throughout the year at different angles. In winter, the angle is sharper. In the summer - reaches for a right angle. But does not reach. Full 90 ° can only be fixed at the equator. And at the poles, the sun's rays simply glide, limited by the maximum value of the angle of incidence of 27-30 °.

For the temperate zone, the time when the planet is as close as possible and tilted toward the Sun will be called "summer." It is distant and deviated along the axis from the plane of the ecliptic - “in winter”. The rule is valid for only one hemisphere. Transients between the two extreme points were called “autumn” and “spring”.

If you delve into the difference between the seasons in different hemispheres of the Earth, then the picture will be as follows. Moving along the equator, the earth's axis does not change the angle of its inclination. Only the “sides” that it exposes to the Sun lend themselves to change. Lower - summer in the southern hemisphere. Upper - in the North.

Consequences of the motion of the earth around the sun and the inclined earth axis

Due to the dynamics and inclination of the axis that pierced the Earth from pole to pole, residents of the temperate climatic zone observe a change of the whole four seasons, other zones - only two.